1. recognize the basis of financial modelling with an emphasis on applied finance
2. explain stochastic calculus as a basic tool for research in modern financial mathematics
3. apply basics of probability and statistics for the analysis of financial instruments in practice
4. analyze testing of financial hypotheses using statistical tests
5. develop theoretical basics necessary for the quantitative analysis of financial markets
6. evaluate financial assets under conditions of uncertainty

Lectures are held in English. Attendance is obligatory.

Problem-solving sessions are held once a week. The selection of problems is a good preparation for exams.

Examples of old exams are available on the course website.

1. Simple and compound interests, Discrete and continuous compounding
2. Present and future value; Annuities; Perpetuity; Amortization plans, Investment project efficiency; Net present value; Internal rate of return
3. Classification of bonds; Zero-coupon bonds and coupon bonds; Nominal value; Maturity, Yield to maturity; Risk measures for bonds; Duration and modified duration; Convexity
4. No-arbitrage principle, Portfolios of bonds; Dynamic hedging, General term structure of interest rates; Variable interest rates; Forward rates
5. Risk and return; Stochastic process; An example of stock market, Discrete time market models; A one period financial market model; Binomial tree model
6. Risk-neutral probability; Absence of arbitrage; Martingale property, Application of the no-arbitrage principle to the binomial tree model
7. Investment strategies; Arbitrage; Fundamental theorem of asset pricing
8. Midterm exam
9. Contract function; Options; European call and put options, One-period contingent claims; Payoff function
10. Replicating portfolio; Market completeness, Forward contracts; Value of a forward contract; Futures
11. Normal distribution; Lognormal distribution, Models in continuous time; Introduction to diffusion porocesses; Wiener process, Martingales; Risk-neutral valuation, Black-Scholes formula; Black-Scholes partial differential equation
12. Application of financial derivatives in managing risk exposure, Hedging option positions, Portfolio immunization; Delta hedging; Greek parameters, Black-Scholes formula and the Greek parameters, Itô's lemma; Stohastic differential equations for price dynamics
13. Concept of risk; Risk and expected return on a portfolio ; Portfolio optimization; , Markowitz portfolio theory; Efficient portfolio; Calculating the efficient frontier, Capital asset pricing model (CAPM); Testing the Capital Asset Pricing Model: An Econometric Approach; Beta factor, Capital market line; Security market line
14. Risk diversification; Coherent risk measures, Value at risk (VaR); VaR as a portfolio risk measure, Calculating VaR of a portfolio; Historical method; Parametric Gaussian method; Parametric non-Gaussian method, Management of VaR with financial derivatives
15. Final exam