High-Frequency and Microwave Electronics
Data is displayed for the academic year: 2024./2025.
Laboratory exercises
Course Description
Specifics of circuits used at high frequencies, distributed parameters. Analysis of transmission line, impedance matching. Passive and active microwave networks. Microwave semiconductor devices, diodes, transistors. Nonlinear networks, amplifiers, oscillators.
Prerequisites
No prior knowledge is formally required to take the course, but basic knowledge of electronics, electrical network analysis and transmission line theory can facilitate understanding of the curriculum.
Study Programmes
University graduate
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(2. semester)
[FER3-HR] Network Science - profile
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(2. semester)
[FER3-HR] Software Engineering and Information Systems - profile
Elective Courses
(2. semester)
Learning Outcomes
- explain the notion of distributed parameters
- state the types and characteristics of transmission lines
- derive transmission line parameters
- analyze a linear or linearized microwave network
- explain the operating principles of microwave semiconductor devices
- show basic parameters of nonlinear networks
- describe the operation and design principles of a microwave amplifier and oscillator
- explain the operation of the mixer
Forms of Teaching
Lectures
live or online, presentation of theoretical principles and practical examples, discussions
Exercisesnumerical examples from practice
Laboratoryhands-on experience in measurements on microwave circuits and components
Grading Method
Continuous Assessment | Exam | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | Threshold | Percent of Grade | Threshold | Percent of Grade | ||
Laboratory Exercises | 50 % | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | ||
Mid Term Exam: Written | 0 % | 25 % | 0 % | |||
Final Exam: Written | 50 % | 25 % | ||||
Final Exam: Oral | 50 % | |||||
Exam: Written | 50 % | 50 % | ||||
Exam: Oral | 50 % |
Comment:
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Week by Week Schedule
- Difference between lumped elements and distributed-parameter networks. Lumped element model for a transmission line. Telegrapher equations. Wave equations, general solution and physical interpretation, voltage and current waves on the transmission line. Reflection coefficient. Standing wave ratio.
- Input impedance of the lossless and lossy transmission line, Impedance along the transmission line, characteristic impedance and propagation coefficient, phase and group velocity, power flow on the transmission line. Lossless line. Low-loss line.
- Smith chart. Lumped element matching. Single-stub tuning. Quarter-wave impedance transformer. Matching for maximum power transfer.
- Microstrip line. Effective permittivity. Dispersion. Discontinuities.
- Port and reference plane. One-port network. Impedance. Foster's reactance theorem.
- Two-port and multi-port networks. Impedance and admittance matrices (Z- and Y-parameters). Power waves, scattering parameters. Reciprocal network. Matched network. Lossless network.
- Two-port networks (attenuator, ferrite isolator, phase shifter).
- Three-port networks (ferrite circulator, T-junction, resistive power divider, Wilkinson power divider).
- Directions coupler (symmetrical and asymmetrical). Transmission line couplers. Hybrids, quadrature hybrid, 180° hybrid, even and odd mode analysis.
- Serial and parallel resonant circuit, quality factor and bandwidth. Transmission line resonators, cavity resonators, dielectric resonators. Excitation of resonators, coupling with external circuits.
- PIN diode. Varactor diode. Schottky diode. Gunn element. Microwave avalanche diodes. Microwave bipolar transistors, HBT. Microwave field effect transistors, MOSFET, MESFET, HEMT.
- Power gain definitions. Amplifier stability, stability circles. Unilateral amplifier, unilateral figure of merit. Linear RF power amplifiers. High-efficiency amplifiers with envelope tracking. RF switchmode power amplifiers, class D, E, F amplifiers. High-efficiency amplifiers (outphasing, polar amplifiers).
- Collpits and Hartley oscillator circuits. Voltage controlled oscillator. Crystal oscillator. Oscillators with one-port device (Gunn oscillator). Microwave transistor oscillators.
- Harmonic components and intermodulation products, compression point, third order intercept point. Passive intermodulation.
- Mixers, principle of operation, specifications, up-conversion and down-conversion. Mixer circuits and applications. Analysis and design of mixers, rejection of image frequency, RF-LO isolation.
Literature
Bartolić, Juraj (2011.), Mikrovalna elektronika, Graphis
Bonefačić, Davor; Zentner, Radovan (2010.), Mjerenja u mikrovalnoj elektronici, FER
Smrkić, Zlatko (1990.), Mikrovalna elektronika, Školska knjiga
General
ID 223729
Summer semester
5 ECTS
L1 e-Learning
60 Lectures
0 Seminar
0 Exercises
12 Laboratory exercises
0 Project laboratory
0 Physical education excercises
Grading System
89 Excellent
78 Very Good
67 Good
55 Sufficient